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INDONESIA
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 19784279     EISSN : 25494082     DOI : 10.20473
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Immunology & microbiology Public Health
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 33 No. 2 (2021): AUGUST" : 12 Documents clear
Secondary Syphilis During Pregnancy: The Importance of Screening and Clinical Management Indah Purnamasari; Jusuf Barakbah; Sunarko Martodiharjo; Dwi Murtiastutik; Astindari Astindari; Septiana Septiana; Afif Nurul Hidayati
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 33 No. 2 (2021): AUGUST
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V33.2.2021.145-149

Abstract

Background: Syphilis is one of the most serious sexually transmitted diseases worldwide, and has tremendous consequences for the mother and her developing fetus if left untreated. The burden of morbidity and mortality due to congenital syphilis is high. Purpose: Screening and prompt to know the importance of treatment of syphilis during pregnancy. Case: A 32-year-old multigravida in 5 months of pregnancy presented with multiple raised lesions over her labia. It was accompanied by fluor and smelly fishy odor. There was no history of genital ulcers in either spouse and no history of sexual promiscuity. History of antenatal care in public health showed non-reactive status of HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B. Clinical examination revealed multiple flat, moist warts over her labia mayora and minora, and multiple roseola syphilitica on the plantar pedis sinistra. Darkfield microscopic examination presence spirochete, venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) titer was 1:16 and T. pallidum particle agglutination assay (TPHA) titer was 1:2560. Obstetric ultrasonography examination was suggestive no mayor congenital abnormalities. Both of serology VDRL and TPHA were non-reactive in her husband. Significant of lesion improvement and decrease a fourfold titer serologic in VDRL (1:4) and TPHA (1:320) as follow-up 3 months after being treated with single intra-muscular injections of benzathine penicillin 2.4 million units. Discussion: Coordinated prenatal care and treatment are vital. It’s implemented before the fourth month of pregnancy to reduce vertical transmission and all associated side effects of congenital syphilis. Penicillin is highly efficacious in maternal syphilis and prevention of congenital syphilis. Conclusion: Universal screening and adequate pregnancy care must be a priority.
Contact Dermatitis Knowledge Level in Batik Workers of Desa Batik, Tanjung Bumi, Bangkalan, Madura Rahmadewi Rahmadewi; Trisniartami Setyaningrum; Damayanti Damayanti; Sylvia Anggraeni; Menul Ayu Umborowati
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 33 No. 2 (2021): AUGUST
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V33.2.2021.93-95

Abstract

Background: Batik has been declared as a humanitarian heritage for oral and non-cultural culture. The increasing demand for batik may have a negative impact as the industry utilizes chemical agents. Hazardous chemical exposure to the skin in the batik industry may result in a high risk of occupational contact dermatitis. This study was conducted to find out the social determinants of health. Purpose: This study aims to assess the level of knowledge of the batik workers before and after health education about occupational contact dermatitis. Methods: This was an observational interview study, and the data were collected using questionnaires. This study involved 30 batik workers.  We assessed the level of knowledge before and after the health education about occupational contact dermatitis. Result: There were 4 (13.3%) male participants and 26 (86.7%) female participants. The mean score of the pre-test was 66.98±10.10, and the post-test was 77.77±13.53 (p<0.05). Conclusion: The result showed a significant difference between batik workers' knowledge before and after health education about contact dermatitis.
The Role of Connexin in Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions (CADRs) in Patients with Increasing Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Dyah Ayu Mira Oktarina; Gilang Baswara; Hardyanto Soebono
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 33 No. 2 (2021): AUGUST
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V33.2.2021.123-128

Abstract

Background: The occurrence of Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions (CADRs) is relatively rare but can be fatal when causing organ failure, especially in the liver. The supporting examinations to determine liver injury are aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Connexin-32 (Cx32) and connexin-43 (Cx43) are gap junction proteins that can be found in the liver and allegedly have a role in the mechanism of liver injury. To date, correlations between the level of connexin and aminotransferases enzyme in humans with CADRs cases are still unclear. Purpose: To determine the correlations between Cx32/Cx43 and AST/ALT levels in CADRs cases. Methods: This was a retrospective study, data collected from inpatient and outpatient’s medical records, Department of Dermatology and Venereology of Dr. Sardjito Hospital, from 2011–2015. Result: A total of 25 patients with CADRs and 35 healthy controls were included in this study. The levels between Cx32 and AST, Cx32 and ALT, Cx43 and AST, and Cx43 and ALT were not significantly correlated in CADRs cases (p>0.05). Both Cx32 and Cx43 were not significantly different between patients with and without CADRs (p>0.05). Confounding factors such as gender were not associated with this study (p>0.05). Conclusion: There was no correlation between levels of Cx32/Cx43 and increasing AST/ALT in CADRs cases. Therefore, further study is necessary to conclude the correlation between connexin and aminotransferase enzyme in CADRs patients.
Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions in Hospitalized HIV/AIDS Patients Yusuf Wibisono; Indropo Agusni; Afif Nurul Hidayati; Rahmadewi Rahmadewi; Astindari Astindari; Septiana Septiana; Dwi Murtiastutik
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 33 No. 2 (2021): AUGUST
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V33.2.2021.96-102

Abstract

Background: Cutaneous adverse drug reaction (CADR) is the most common manifestation of drug hypersensitivity in humanimmunodeficiency virus (HIV), which presented as maculopapular rash. The incidence of CADR is found to be more commonin untreated HIV patients, and the frequency is higher in severe immunodeficiency status. Early diagnosis and appropriatetreatment give better outcomes. Purpose: To evaluate the incidence and management of CADR in HIV and acquired immunedeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study of HIV/AIDS patients with CADR whowere hospitalized at Intermediate Care and Infectious Disease Centre Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital. Result: Therewere more CADR cases in 2017, accounted 2.35% of the total Intermediate Care and Infectious Disease Centre RSUD Dr.Soetomo General Academic Teaching Hospital ward patients. There were more male patients (62.5%), with the mostcommonly found at the age of 25-44 years (64.3%), and which mostly (89.3%) originated from Surabaya. The most commondiagnosis was morbiliform eruption (60.7%), main complaint was red spots all over the body (45%), all of which are obscureerythematous macules. The most common causes were Duviral + Neviral antiretroviral (46%) and the most common treatmentwas dexamethasone injection. Conclusion: The incidence of CADR increased in 2017. The most frequent manifestation wasmorbilliform eruption due to Duviral+Neviral as the first line ARV treatment. Skin management varies widely in form oftopical, oral, and intravenous injection drugs, mostly using steroid class, dexamethasone intravenous injection in particular.
Risk Factor Profile and Quality of Life of Psoriasis Vulgaris As'ad Naufal; Damayanti Damayanti; Etty Hary Kusumastuti; Afif Nurul Hidayati
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 33 No. 2 (2021): AUGUST
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V33.2.2021.129-134

Abstract

Background: Psoriasis is an autoimmune human skin disease. It is a chronic and recurrent lesion characterized by erythema patches with well-defined borders with rough, multi-layered, and transparent scales with a significant negative impact on patients' quality of life. Several risk factors for psoriasis can decrease patient’ quality of life. Purpose: To determine the risk factor profile and quality of life of psoriasis patients at the dermatology and venereology outpatient clinic at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya.  Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving new and control psoriasis patients. Their risk factors were evaluated using questionnaires, and their quality of life was measured using the DLQI questionnaires. The data was collected at the Dermatology and Venereology outpatient unit Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya. Result: Of the 24 patients, the biggest risk factor for psoriasis patients was trauma/ Koebner phenomenon, as reported in 15 patients (62.5%), and 11 patients’ (45.8%) quality of life was affected. Conclusion: Trauma was the largest risk factor for psoriasis, and psoriasis has significantly affected patient’ quality of life.
In Vitro Comparison of Antifungal Activity between Epigallocatechin Gallate EGCG) and Nystatin on Candida Sp. Stored Isolates in HIV/AIDS Patients with Oral Candidiasis Yusuf Wibisono; Afif Nurul Hidayati; Sawitri Sawitri; Iskandar Zulkarnain; Evy Ervianti; Rahmadewi Rahmadewi; Esti Hendradi; Pepy Dwi Endraswari; Dwi Murtiastutik
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 33 No. 2 (2021): AUGUST
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V33.2.2021.103-109

Abstract

Background: Oral candidiasis is an oral infection caused by Candida albicans. It is one of the most common opportunistic infections found in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Due to growing resistance and side effects to common antifungal drugs in recent years, there have been many studies on naturalsubstances as antifungal agents. In this study, Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) were examined for in vitro antifungal activity against Candida strains. Purpose: To compare the in vitro antifungal activity of EGCG and nystatin towards Candida sp. isolate in HIV/AIDS patients with oral candidiasis. Methods: This research was an experimental laboratory study conducted at the Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya. Forty isolates of Candida albicans and Candida non-albicans were included. The isolates were tested for antifungal activity using the well diffusion and microdilution method for nystatin 1000 IU and EGCG 1.25%. Result: Diffusion test results showed a greater inhibition zone for nystatin against all analyzed Candida strains with an average diameter for Candida albicans formed by EGCG of 2.15 mm and 7.4 mm for Candida non-albicans. Meanwhile, based on the microdilution test, EGCG was better than nystatin towards all analyzed Candida strains. This study showed EGCG Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) as high as 50% (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Nystatin antifungal activity was better than EGCG supported by a greater inhibition zone in the well diffusion method. However, the antifungal activity of EGCG was better than nystatin based on microdilution methods.
Clinical Manifestation and Management of Terrestrial Animal Bites Emma Hidayati Sasmito; Sawitri Sawitri
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 33 No. 2 (2021): AUGUST
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V33.2.2021.135-140

Abstract

Background: Terrestrial animal bites wounds are injuries caused by terrestrial animals' mouths and teeth. Aerobic and nonaerobic bacteria cause 30–60% of the secondary bacterial infections due to animal bites. Rabies is an infectious disease and it is the most dangerous viral infection caused by animal bites. Also, venomous animal bites can be fatal and cause death if not treated well. Purpose: To identify the clinical manifestation, first aid, and management of terrestrial animal bites to reduce morbidity and mortality. Review: Wounds and crush injuries caused by animal bites are prone to infection. Aerobic bacteria, such as Pasteurella multocida, Staphylococcus spp. (including methicillin–resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)), Capnocytophaga canimorsus, and Bartonella henselae, and anaerobic bacteria, such as Porphyromonas spp. are commonly found pathogens in animal bite wounds. Rabies, the most dangerous viral infection, occurs in wounds infected by the rabies virus. The virus enters the nerve tissue, multiplies, and spreads to the central nervous system. This can cause disability, and it is life-threatening. In snakebites, management of basic life support, transportation to the hospital, clinical assessment, and immediate resuscitation are the most important procedures. Conclusion: Animal bite wounds are injuries caused by animals' mouths and teeth. Dogs, cats, and snakes are terrestrial animals that most likely attack humans. Proper diagnosis, first aid, and comprehensive management are needed to reduce morbidity and mortality.
A Retrospective Study: Risk Factor Analysis of Secondary Bacterial Infection in Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis Patients Desiana Widityaning Sari; Sawitri Sawitri; Muhammad Yulianto Listiawan; Dwi Murtiastutik; Linda Astari; Alpha Fardah Athiyyah; Afif Nurul Hidayati
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 33 No. 2 (2021): AUGUST
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V33.2.2021.83-87

Abstract

Background: Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a complex multifactorial disease that includes defects in skin architecture, immune dysregulation, and changes of skin flora, and it predominantly occurs in infancy and childhood. The defects in skin barrier structures are mentioned as one of the factors that facilitates bacterial colonization. Bacterial infection in AD can worsen the inflammation. It requires treatment with antibiotics, which takes longer therapy time, higher costs, and ultimately affects the patient’s quality of life and his/her family members. Purpose: To find out the epidemiology, diagnosis, management of AD, and analyze the risk factors of secondary bacterial infection in new AD patients at the Pediatric Dermatology Division, Dermatovenereology Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital. Methods: This was a retrospective study with a total sampling method. The research data were medical records of new AD patients at the Pediatric Dermatology Division, Dermatovenereology Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya from January 2012 to December 2018. Result: There were 404 new patients with AD at the Pediatric Dermatology Division from January 2012 to December 2018, and 210 of them were accompanied by secondary bacterial infection. There was a correlation between a history of dry skin (p=0.000) with the incidence of secondary bacterial infection in AD patients. Conclusion: In this study, AD patients with a history of dry skin had a risk of complication such as bacterial secondary infection.
The Effect of Lifestyle on Skin Aging Yasmin Adzra Nabila; Damayanti Damayanti; Samsriyaningsih Handayani; Trisniartami Setyaningrum
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 33 No. 2 (2021): AUGUST
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V33.2.2021.110-115

Abstract

Background: Skin aging is a natural process, and it has many causes. Skin aging can be a result of a process of deterioration of the skin structure and a decrease in normal skin function. As much as 97% of skin aging factors is extrinsic, while the remaining 3% of the factors is intrinsic. Extrinsic factors are closely related to lifestyle; therefore it is necessary to further investigate the effects of lifestyle on skin aging. Skin aging may not have a direct correlation to mortality but the process of aging itself can lead to depression, demoralization, and shame at the extreme to the point of accepting the changes that occur with age. This shows that aging plays an important role in decreasing the quality of human life and youth well-being index, especially in women. Purpose: To determine the effects of lifestyle on skin aging. Methods: This was a case-control study. A case means a person with heavy aging, and control means an individual with mild aging. The data were obtained from medical records and anamneses. Data on lifestyle were collected through interviews with open-ended questions. Subjects who met the inclusion criteria were shortlisted, and their skins were examined as per the Glogau scale. Result: Multivariate test results showed significant results on the variable UV light exposure (p = 0.017), use of sunscreen (p = 0.002), use of anti-aging cream (p = 0.036), and Vitamin D (p = 0.040) against skin aging. Meanwhile, other variables showed no significant results. Conclusion: Lifestyle has an important role in the occurrence of skin aging. However, an in-depth research is needed to determine how many external factors affect skin aging.
Erythrodermic Manifestation due to Hyperinfestation of Scabies Sandra Widaty; Martinus Martinus; Yenny Rachmawati
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 33 No. 2 (2021): AUGUST
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V33.2.2021.141-144

Abstract

Background: Scabies is a highly contagious skin disease with various skin clinical presentations. In consideration of its clinical presentations, proper early-onset diagnosis of scabies may not be met, leading to mistreatment and more severe scabies, Norwegian (crusted) scabies. Purpose: To report a case of Norwegian scabies misdiagnosed as eczema in a previously immunocompetent patient. Case: A 32-year-old man was admitted with generalized erythematous skin rash, pruritic, and hyperkeratotic scales of the body. He was previously diagnosed with eczema two months ago and was prescribed both topical and systemic steroid. Skin scales worsened and kept expanding after the treatment. There was a family history of nocturnal itch. Dermoscopic and microscopic examination from skin lesion and scraping with potassium hydroxide revealed the signs of scabies infection. Discussion: Norwegian scabies could be prevented by the correct diagnosis at the early-onset of the disease. Misdiagnosis due to various skin clinical presentations, leading to mistreatment of the infection. In this case, family history plays a role that could elucidate the presence of scabies infection. Conclusion: A correct diagnosis and treatment for the early-phase scabies-infected patient will be beneficial for the patient to prevent hyperinfestation of scabies mites. Specific examination for scabies decreases the possibility of misdiagnosis.

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